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Price-to-Sales Ratio

valuation
Definition
A valuation ratio comparing a company's market capitalization to its annual revenue.

Explanation

P/S = Market Cap / Annual Revenue, or equivalently, Stock Price / Revenue Per Share. P/S is particularly useful for valuing unprofitable growth companies where P/E is meaningless (negative earnings produce negative P/E). A typical mature company trades at 1-3x P/S. High-growth SaaS companies trade at 10-30x P/S. The median S&P 500 P/S is approximately 2.5x. P/S doesn't account for profitability differences — a company with 80% gross margins deserves a higher P/S than one with 30% margins.

Formula

P/S = Market Cap / Annual Revenue

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