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Yield to Maturity

fixed income
Definition
The total return anticipated on a bond if held until maturity, expressed as an annual rate.

Explanation

YTM is the bond market's equivalent of IRR (internal rate of return). It assumes all coupon payments are reinvested at the YTM rate — a simplification that may not hold in practice. YTM accounts for the coupon payments, the difference between purchase price and par value, and the time to maturity. When a bond trades at par, YTM equals the coupon rate. At a premium, YTM is below the coupon. At a discount, YTM is above the coupon. YTM is the standard metric for comparing bonds with different coupons and maturities.

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