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Federal Funds Rate

macroeconomics
Definition
The interest rate at which banks lend reserve balances to other banks overnight, set as a target range by the Federal Reserve.

Explanation

The fed funds rate is the most important interest rate in the world. It influences all other interest rates — mortgages, corporate bonds, savings accounts. When the Fed raises the rate, borrowing becomes more expensive, slowing economic growth and reducing inflation. When it lowers, borrowing cheapens, stimulating growth. The Fed communicates rate decisions eight times per year through FOMC meetings. Markets price in expected rate changes through fed funds futures, and surprises (actual vs. expected) drive significant market moves.

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