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Amortization

accounting
Definition
The gradual write-off of an intangible asset's cost over its useful life, or the repayment of debt through regular installments.

Explanation

In accounting, amortization spreads the cost of intangible assets (patents, trademarks, goodwill from acquisitions) over their useful life. A company that acquires a patent for $10M with a 10-year life records $1M in amortization expense annually. In lending, amortization refers to the schedule of principal and interest payments that fully repay a loan by maturity.

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